The present PhD thesis goal is the study of the molecular complexity in solar-type star forming regions. It specifically focuses on two classes of molecules with a prebiotic value, the complex organic molecules and the cyanopolyynes. At this scope, I analyzed data from single-dish spectral surveys by means of LTE or/and non-LTE radiative transfer codes in two sources, a solar-type protostar in an isolated and quiet environment(IRAS16293-2422) and a proto-cluster of solar-type protostars (OMC-2 FIR4). The ultimate goal is to find similarities and differences between these two cases.I used data from two spectra surveys: TIMASSS (The IRAS16293-2422 Millimeter And Submillimeter Spectral Survey), which has been carried out in 2011 (Caux et al. 2...