Migration and Institutions: Exit and Voice (from Abroad)?

International audienceA rapidly growing body of research examines the relationship between migration and institutions.Three strands of studies can be distinguished. Some studies focused on the role ofdomestic and foreign institutions in the decision to migrate. Others were interested by theimpact of migration on institutional reforms in migrants' countries of origin. Recent studiesfocus on how migrants affect social and informal institutions in the destination countries.This survey puts together these three strands of literature with three purposes. First, weoffer a short definition and synthetic typology of institutions, which provide a guide tounderstand several studies we have critically reviewed. Second, our analysis is presentedfollowing the analytic framework exit, voice and loyalty of Hirschman in order to highlightthe brain gain phenomenon for developing countries, from an institutional point of view.Third, we review the limited existing work on the very timely topic, whether migrants areharmful or not to institutions in the host countries