Since the decline of water resources in the 1970s, the middle Senegal river valley is dealing with strong socio-environmental changes. Public policies have regulated the river using two dams, Manantali and Diama. This situation make the valley a priority zone for the development of irrigated agriculture for the supply of rice. Faced with this situation, the wetlands of the floodplain (flood-recession land), are forgotten by development policies. The objective of the thesis is to understand how these floodplains are integrated into socio-environmental changes, and finally to define their current roles for local populations in the reorganization of the middle valley.The work is based on a study of the socio-ecological system of the floodplain...