Four Constructs and Consistent Behavior Patterns in the Leisure and Tourism Context

Lack of clarity in conceptualizing involvement, commitment, habit, and loyalty has led to confusion in their applications in the fields of leisure and tourism. This study traced their original meanings and analyzed the theoretical and conceptual similarity and dissimilarity among them. Self-value belief is a component of involvement instead of commitment. Attitudes emerging from action itself should be considered important in the commitment process. Habit includes automaticity, unconsciousness and resistance characteristics beyond behavioral frequency. Loyalty appears when favorable attitudes cause consistent behaviors. Relationships among the constructs were also examined to understand consistent leisure and tourism behavior patterns with a sample of 706 students. Data were analyzed by using MANOVA. The results showed that leisure involvement, leisure commitment, and leisure habit have significant relationships with leisure loyalty, but their subdomains had different relationships with three types of leisure loyalty and only one type of loyalty was significantly related to consistent leisure and tourism behaviors. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed in this paper