Sheet-like carbon particles with graphene structures obtained from a Bunsen flame.

Carbon particle structures containing only a few graphene layers have been collected from a Bunsen (propane) diffusion flame in the low particle concentration pale yellow luminous regions close to the soot inception. These particles were sampled directly on transmission electron microscopy grids for structural and elemental analysis. They were found to be several hundreds of nanometers in size. Such large structures are not easily explained from gas-phase kinetic models, yet the sheets occurred relatively frequent in the images. Some pictures also showed interesting polygonal few-layered graphitic structures perpendicular to the graphene planes