Do fencers require a weapon-specific approach to strength and conditioning training?

There are three types of weapon used in Olympic fencing: the foil, épée and sabre. The aim of this study was to determine if fencers exhibited different physical characteristics across weapons. Seventy-nine male (n = 46) and female (n = 33) national standard fencers took part in this study. Fencers from each weapon (male and female), i.e., épée (n = 19 and 10), foil (n = 22 and 14) and sabre (n = 13 and 10) were (mean ± SD) 15.9 ± 0.7 years of age, 178.5 ± 7.9 cm tall, 67.4 ± 12.2 kg in mass and had 6.3 ± 2.3 years fencing experience; all were in regular training (~ 4 times per week). Results revealed that across all performance tests (lower body power, reactive strength index, change of direction speed and repeat lunge ability) there was no significant difference between weapons (p = 3.66). Differences were found however, when comparing genders, with males performing significantly better during the countermovement jump (p = 0.001), reactive strength index (p = 0.002), change of direction speed (p < 0.001) and repeat lunge ability (p < 0.001). The former findings may be due to similarities in bout intensity and time, movement types (lunging and changing direction) and the need to execute competition actions as explosively as possible. Based on the findings of the current study, it could be indicated that épée, foil and sabre fencers do not require a weapon specific approach to strength and conditioning training. Each fencer should target the area they are weakest at, rather than the area that they feel best represents the unique demands of their weapon