Evaluation of tetrodotoxins in puffer fish caught along the Mediterranean coast of Spain. Toxin profile of Lagocephalus sceleratus

Although consumption of Tetraodontidae species is prohibited in the EU, intoxications are still reported. The evaluation of tetrodotoxins (TTXs) by mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS and LC-HRMS) and a screening immunoassay (mELISA) in tetraodontid fishes caught along the Western Mediterranean Sea revealed high concentrations of TTXs in Lagocephalus sceleratus while no TTXs were identified in L. lagocephalus and Sphoeroides pachygaster individuals. The high TTXs content found in the L. sceleratus analysed herein demonstrate the occurrence of highly toxic puffer fish in the Western Mediterranean Sea. Being L. sceleratus a recent invasive species in the Mediterranean, surveillance, risk assessment and risk management measures are necessary. The strategy used within this research work could be a valuable tool for future food safety monitoring.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) through the ECsafeSEAFOOD project (grant agreement no. 311820), the Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) through the PROMAQUA project (RTA2013-00096-00-00) and CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. L.R. acknowledges a scholarship from the ECsafeSEAFOOD project