One size fits all? Global education for different educational audiences

The term global education means different things to different people and there has been longstanding discussion about how to define it, and how best to teach it (Subedi, 2010). Terms such as development education, peace education, global citizenship education, international education and multicultural education are often used interchangeably in connection with global education; without critique. From the United States, Hanvey’s model of An Attainable Global Perspective (1976) provided the basis for the later work of Pike and Selby (1988) in the United Kingdom with its emphasis on social and action skills at local and global levels (Heater, 2004). Kirkwood (2001) also built on Hanvey’s dimensions in her essential elements of global education encompassing multiple perspectives, comprehension and appreciation of cultures, knowledge of global issues and the world as interrelated systems (Zong, Wilson, & Quashiga, 2008)