Effects of premixing injector configuration and biodiesel blends on spray and flame characteristic in a combustion burner

The emission that are released from the combustion of biodiesel either in internal combustion engine or external burner system can cause an environmental and health problem. Thus, the premix concept from biodiesel and water were studied with focusing in controlling of combustion process in order to minimize the harmful emission. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of biodieselwater premix spray characteristic, burning process and flame characteristic. The studied parameters include the nozzle characteristic in term of nozzle angle, equivalence ratio, and water content directly introduced into the into the burner and spray characteristics such as spray penetration length, spray angle and spray area. Based on the obtained results, different water content showed there was no substantial effect on the spray characteristic. However, there were significant reduction of flame length and emission caused by the increasing water content during the combustion. Other than that, water addition leads a significant difference in emissions between the fuels. The highest reduction of NOx up to 58% experienced by diesel produced by W15. It is also causes the reduction of CO emission is experienced by B5 with the percentage of the difference up to 55%. For HC emission, B15 produce the highest emission reduction at 83%. Meanwhile for the effects of nozzle characteristic, the nozzle with 45˚ angle produced the largest spray angle which is around 29˚. This produced the shortest spray penetration which is approximately 94 mm. Larger nozzle angle produced higher amount of NOx. Nozzle 30˚ produce 55.22% less NOx emission and nozzle 40˚ produce 50.75% less compare to 45˚ nozzle. As nozzle angle increase, the CO emission increase. This shows that nozzle 45˚ promoted more complete combustion compare to the other two nozzle