Ситуація готовності до здійснення дії як компонент категорії проспективності та засоби її вираження у сучасних романських мовах (The situation of readiness for action as a prospectivity component and its modes of expression in the modern romance languages)

Стаття присвячена вивченню ситуації готовності до здійснення дії як компонента категорії проспективності. Проспективність розглядається в контексті взаємодії категорій аспектуальності, модальності та темпоральності. Окрема увага приділяється опису мовних засобів реалізації зазначеної ситуації у сучасних романських мовах. (The article deals with the situation of readiness for action as a prospectivity component. Besides, it dwells on the range of verbal ways of situation representation in the modern Romance languages. The research aims to investigate different features of prospectivity category in terms of modality. The stated objective determined the solution of the following research tasks: to study the modality and temporality categories, their interplay for formation and verbal expression of prospectivity; to describe the ways, which convey the verbal representation of readiness for action as a prospectivity component. It was in studies revealing that prospectivity refers to aspectual action attribute. From the cognitive perspective, it corresponds to the concept of «the process implementation phases», in traditional terminology it corresponds to the moods. Generally, the notion of mood requires moving beyond the verb forms research and correlating with prospectivity process representation with the split-level language units. As the mood, prospectively is «a free non-systemic unit» and cab be defined by the reference to lexico-grammatical sphere as an interlevel phenomenon. Language data of the modern Romance languages allow to conclude that the situation of «readiness for action», obtaining a variety of universal parameters, can be characterized as «inclination», «determination to o readily the action without problems, of one’s own free will». As a result, it can be described as «maturing of the situation». The aspectual situation «readiness for action» enables us to analyze the specific elements such as readiness, mobilization of consciousness (determination and can-do attitude) as well as emotional and sensuous spheres (will and wish), physical and psychological conditions of action realization. This phase describes the situation from thereadiness point of view while there are all the conditions for doing the action, including makingdecision and can-do attitude.