Management of industrial brownfields in the context of the post-socialist city: the case study of Kostanay (Kazakhstan)=La gestion des friches industrielles dans le contexte de la ville postsocialiste: l'etude des cas de Qostanai (Kazakhstan).

The time of reuse and rehabilitation of abandoned industrial spaces have emerged once it had grown into an increasable economic, cultural, and to an extent even political problem. In West Europe, this has been the case since the mid-Seventies, primarily as a result of the energy and processing industry crisis leaving hundreds of industrial buildings and complexes empty. A similar process, at least at first glance, now is underway in the formerly Soviet countries. Similar, yet with a delay of several decades. Here, the industrial reconversion topic started to gain particular interest from 1990th as a result of restructuring, deliberate reduction of heavy industry and privatization in industrial sector. The present study focuses on the case of Kostanay, the city which in terms of spatial structure gives an example of every type of architectural and industrial combination possible from outright urban structure of post-socialist city. Here, in the process of transition to the market economy and deep restructurings, many urban and industrial elements left behind their initial activities and today are in the way to be completely destroyed. The socio-economic conditions as well as administrative and legal models inherited from the socialist past are still passing through continuous transformations and creating unfavourable conditions for possible industrial reuse projects. The present study tends to deepen understanding of industrial heritage-site management as a networked, multidimensional task involving the aspect of local development. The interdisciplinary approach of the research based on the case study and comparative analysis connects a diversity of rationales and discourses, including heritage management, urban planning, and heritage regulations. Thus, the study proposes conceptual model for management of industrial brown fields of Kostanay build according three main categories of post-socialist development, including urban, institutional and legal transformations