This thesis concerns the prostate cancer characterization based on multimodal imaging data. The purpose is to identify and characterize the tumors using in-vivo observations including mMRI and PET/CT, with a biological reference obtained from anatomopathological analysis of radical prostatectomy specimen providing histological slices. Firstly, we propose two registration methods to match the multimodal images in the the spatial reference defined by MRI. The first algorithm aims at aligning PET/CT images with MRI by combining contours information and presence probability of the prostate. The objective of the second is to register the histological slices with the MRI. Based on the Stanford protocol, a thinner cutting of the radical prostatec...