Calculation of the runoff from small catchment

Padavine so zelo kompleksen pojav, ki jih je relativno težko napovedati in modelirati. V veliki odvisnosti od padavin pa so tudi pretoki vodotokov. Zadnja leta smo priča številnim poplavam povsod po Sloveniji, ki so posledica velikih količin padavin, zato je za izračun odtoka potrebno uporabiti ustrezne hidrološke modele. V diplomski nalogi smo se osredotočili na hidrološko modeliranje z manjšega porečja v Sloveniji. V prvem delu naloge smo predstavili osnovne pojme, ki so pomembni za razumevanje odtoka s porečja in metode za izračun vseh posameznih parametrov, potrebnih za izdelavo hidrološkega modela, od izračuna padavinskih izgub do hidrograma enote. V praktičnem delu naloge smo prikazali primer priprave vseh potrebnih podatkov in modeliranje odtoka z zgornjega dela porečja Velunje. Model porečja smo naredili s pomočjo programa HEC-HMS, ki smo ga umerili in preverili s pomočjo merjenih podatkov ARSO. Uporabili smo podatke o merjenih pretokih z vodomerne postaje Gaberke in padavinah z najbližje padavinske postaje Šmartno pri Slovenj Gradcu.Precipitation is a very complex phenomenon, which is relatively difficult to predict and model. It also has a big influence on the flow rate of the catchment. In the past few years we are witnessing many floods all over Slovenia as a result of high precipitation rates, therefore appropriate hydrological models have to be selected in order to estimate the runoff from the investigated catchment. A small catchment that is located in Slovenia was modelled using different hydrological tools. In the first part of the thesis we presented the basic concepts that are important for the understanding of the runoff and methods for calculating all individual parameters that are required for the determination of the hydrological model, e.g. calculation of the precipitation losses and unit hydrograph. In the practical part of the thesis all the required steps were presented in order to construct a hydrological model of the upper part of the Velunja catchment and the input data was prepared.. The calibration and validation of the HEC-HMS model was conducted using the discharge data measured by the Slovenian Environment Agency (ARSO).. We used discharge data from the Gaberke station and the precipitation data from the Šmartno pri Slovenj Gradcu station