Testing of Converter Devices with Real-Time Digital Simulators and HIL Methods

Magistrsko delo obravnava postopke za razvoj in testiranje visoko tehnoloških izdelkov, ki se vgrajujejo v razne sisteme ali podsisteme elektroenergetskega omrežja. Namen dela je, da se na testnem primeru pokaže, kako lahko s pomočjo ustrezne opreme za izvajanje simulacij v realnem času ter postopkov testiranja opreme v zanki (HIL) preverimo delovanje posameznih podsklopov naprave, še preden jo preizkusimo v realnem obratovanju. Za testiranje bomo uporabili simulatorje za izvajanje simulacij v realnem času ter s tem povezane metode HIL, ki v zadnjem času vedno bolj prihajajo do izraza. Ker so tovrstne metode testiranj izredno pomembne za prihodnost in imajo številne prednosti pred običajnimi, jih bomo tu nekoliko bolj predstavili. Problematika, ki potrjuje potrebo po teh metodah, bo nekoliko poudarjena v uvodu. Poglavji dve in tri nato s predstavitvijo postopkov in orodij naprej sledita obravnavi. Ravno zaradi tega, ker do sedaj na področju slovenske literature ni bilo veliko prispevkov na temo razumevanja uporabnosti teh metod, smo se odločili, da poglavji dve in tri nekoliko razširimo in posplošimo. Orodja, postopke in metode, ki so v teh dveh poglavjih opisani, lahko uporabimo za razvoj in testiranje tudi drugih sistemov in naprav v EES. Učinkovitost teh orodij in metod je bila preverjena na konkretnem primeru testiranja regulatorja statičnega kompenzatorja. V konkretnem primeru smo si za cilj izbrali razvoj regulatorja za statični kompenzator, ki ga bomo kasneje implementirali na DSP-ju in testirali. Pri samem testiranju bomo uporabili orodja, ki bodo podrobneje opisana v drugem poglavju, ter metode, ki so opisane v tretjem. Napravo in njeno delovanje ter testni sklop, bomo v četrtem poglavju najprej predstavili, kasneje pa v petem še opisali postopke implementacije regulacijskega algoritma na DSP. V tem istem poglavju bodo podane tudi sheme končnega regulatorja. V šestem poglavju bomo predstavili izbrani simulator in podali osnovne koncepte modeliranja. Na koncu tega poglavja bodo predstavljena tudi testna omrežja, kjer bodo podani tudi vsi podatki za izračun parametrov testnih omrežij. V sedmem poglavju bomo podali ugotovitve in komentirali rezultate. Glavno vodilo pri testiranju bo potrditev ustreznosti izdelka, katerega sprejemljivost in kakovost moramo ovrednotiti. V zadnjem, zaključnem poglavju bomo razložili, kaj bi lahko pri regulacijskem algoritmu izboljšali ter podali nove ideje za nadaljnje delo s simulatorji. Podali bomo tudi mnenje glede učinkovitosti uporabe metod in postopkov, ki smo jih med testiranjem nekoliko bolje spoznali.The master’s thesis deals with the procedures for the development and testing highly technological products, which are built in various systems or subsystems of the electricity power network. The purpose of the thesis is to show in the test case, how it is possible to check operations of individual subsets of a device by means of the appropriate equipment of simulations in a real time as well as the procedures of the equipment testing in the loop (HIL), even before the device is tested in the real operation. We shall use simulators for the testing in order to perform simulations in the real time and the corresponding HIL methods, which have currently become more important. Due to the fact that such methods of testing are exceptionally important for the future and have numerous advantages in comparison with the regular ones, we will present them in detail here. Issues which confirm the needs of these methods will be a bit more emphasized in the introduction. The second and the third chapter then follow the discussion by introducing the procedures and tools. Especially due to the fact that there has been not many articles covering the topic of understanding usefulness of these methods so far, we decided to broaden and generalize the second and the third chapter a bit. Tools, procedures and methods, which are described in these two chapters, can be used for the development and testing the other systems and devices in the electricity power systems (EES). The efficiency of these tools and methods was checked in a concrete case of testing the regulator of the static compensator. In the concrete case we selected the development of the regulator for static compensator, which will be later implemented on DSP and tested. In the process of the testing, we will use tools, which will be described in detail in the second chapter, as well as methods, which will be described in the third chapter. The device and its operations as well as the test set will be first presented in the fourth chapter. Later, in the fifth chapter, the procedures of implementation of the control algorithm on DSP will be described. In the same chapter the schemes of the final regulator will be presented. In the sixth chapter we will present the selected simulator and present the basic concepts of modeling. At the end of the chapter, testing networks will be presented, where all the data for the calculation of parameters of testing networks will be given. In the seventh chapter we will present the ascertainments and comment the results. The primary consideration in testing will be the verification of the suitability of the product, whose acceptability and quality must be evaluated. In the final, concluding chapter, we will explain what could be improved at the regulation algorithm, and some new ideas for further work with simulators will be presented. We will also present the opinion on the efficiency of the usage of methods and procedures, which we became a little bit more acquainted with in the process of testing