Water contamination with adsorbable organic halogens in Dolenjska and Bela krajina

Adsorbljivi organski halogeni (AOX) so skupni parameter, ki je merilo za vsebnost organsko vezanih halogenov (Cl, Br, I). Določamo jih v površinski, pitni in odpadni vodi, pa tudi v prsti in izcednih vodah iz deponij. Prisotnost AOX-ov v vodah je v večini primerov antropogeno pogojena, lahko so tudi naravnega izvora. AOX-i imajo v vodnem okolju dolgo razpolovno dobo in so slabo razgradljivi, zato se lahko kopičijo v prehranjevalni verigi. Nekatere izmed spojin, ki jih uvrščamo med AOX-e, so v večjih koncentracijah zdravju škodljive. V slovenski zakonodaji v pitni vodi mejne vrednosti AOX-ov niso določene. Prve meritve koncentracije AOX-ov so bile v pitni vodi opravljene leta 2014 in sicer na območju, kjer z vodovodnimi sistemi upravljajo Hydrovod d.o.o., Komunala Brežice d.o.o., Komunala Črnomelj d.o.o., Komunala Metlika d.o.o., Komunala Novo mesto d.o.o. in Kostak d.d. V magistrskem delu je pripravljen pregled koncentracij AOX-ov na območju Dolenjske in Bele krajine med leti 2000 in 2014 in sicer v površinskih, podzemnih, pitnih vodah in povzete letne količine AOX-ov v tehnoloških odpadnih vodah. Na podlagi rezultatov je bilo ugotovljeno, da so koncentracije AOX-ov v pitni vodi na območju, kjer je kraško površje iz mezozoiskih apnencev in dolomitov, višje kot na ostalih merilnih mestih. Prav tako so bile koncentracije AOX-ov v pitnih vodah, ki so bile obdelane s klorovimi spojinami, višje kot v surovi vodi. Koncentracije AOX-ov v površinskih vodah so bile v večini takšne, da je bilo stanje vodnih teles površinskih voda opredeljeno kot dobro. Ugotovljeno je bilo tudi, da pri večini podjetij letne količine AOX-ov v tehnološki odpadni vodi presegajo mejne vrednosti.Adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) are sum parameter can be determined in surface waters, drinking water and waste water as well as in soil and leachate from landfills. Although the presence of AOX in waters is of anthropogenic origin, they may also be of natural origin. In water environments they have long half-life, they resist breaking down and can accumulate in the food chain. Some of the compounds that are ranked among the AOX, are carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic at high concentrations.Threshold values of AOX\u27s in drinking water are not detemined by Slovenian legislation. First measurements of AOX concentrations in drinking water were made in 2014, in areas where water supply system is managed by Hydrovod d.o.o., Komunala Brežice d.o.o., Komunala Črnomelj d.o.o., Komunala Metlika d.o.o., Komunala Novo mesto d.o.o. in Kostak d.d. The Master thesis gives an overview of the concentrations of AOX in surface, groundwater, potable water and in industrial wastewater in the Dolenjska and Bela Krajina regions between 2000 and 2014. Based on the data obtained, it was found that the concentrations of AOX in drinking water in the area of Ribnica, Kočevje and Sodražica water supply systems (karst surface of mesozoic limestone and dolomite), were higher than at other measuring sites. Moreover, concentrations of AOX in drinking waters treated with chlorine compounds were higher than in raw water. Concentrations of AOX in surface waters were mostly suitable and status of surface water bodies was identified as good. It was also found that in most plants the annual quantity of AOX in technological wastewaters exceeds the threshold for waste waters