The development of structural BIM model from point clouds

V diplomski nalogi smo obravnavali tehnološko napredne metode zajema podatkov o obstoječih zgradbah, pripravo teh podatkov za uvoz v programe BIM in izdelavo modela konstrukcij BIM. Pri zajemu informacij smo poudarili pridobivanje podatkov o geometriji zgradb z metodami daljinskega zaznavanja, ki obsegajo različne tehnologije od zračnega lidarskega snemanja do 3D-skenerjev kratkega dosega. V nadaljevanju smo predstavili predstavili zahteve in kriterije za uporabo oblakov točk, ki je osrednji medij geometrijskih podatkov pri daljinskem zajemu podatkov za proces BIM. Predstavili smo programska orodja za izdelavo modelov BIM iz oblakov točk od najbolj enostavnega do najbolj naprednega. Ker oblaki točk zagotavljajo samo informacije o površini konstrukcije, smo predstavili metode za preučevanje nevidnih delov konstrukcij in kot napredni možnosti predstavili georadar in termografijo. V zadnjem delu naloge smo razložili proces od terenske izmere do izdelave modela BIM, s poudarkom na vnašanju informacij o toplotnih prevodnostih konstrukcij.This thesis provides a study of technologically advanced methods for the point data data capturing of existing buildings, point cloud data processing the use in the development of structural building information model (BIM). As surveying techniques for the remote sensing technologies are considered as a main source of information for the geometry of buildings, we explore a wide spectrum of technologies, e.g., airborne laser scanning to short range 3D scanners. Furthermore, the requirements and criteria for the use of point clouds, which are the main medium of geometric data for remote sensing in the observed BIM process are explained. In this context the point clouds software tools for BIM modeling are presented. As the point clouds only provide information about the surface of the structure, methods for the investigation of the invisible parts of the structure are presented, e.g., a ground penetrating radar and thermography are proposed. The last part of the thesis explains the process from field surveying to the development of a BIM model with an emphasis on the addition of the information that would allow for the use of BIM model for energy analysis