Flood hazard in settlements due to hiterland-waters

Naravna nesreča je posledica delovanja naravnega pojava. V Sloveniji so med najbolj pogostimi pojavi poplave, katere vsako leto povzročijo veliko škodo. Med različnimi vrstami poplav poznamo tudi poplave, ki se pojavijo zaradi zalednih voda. Zaledne vode so vode, ki se zbirajo izven obravnavanega območja in iz zalednih površin dotekajo razpršeno na obravnavano območje. Popolna zaščita pred poplavami je praktično in ekonomsko neizvedljiva, lahko pa s pravimi protipoplavnimi ukrepi v precejšni meri preprečimo škodo in zmanjšamo ogroţenost prebivalcev na tem območju. V diplomski nalogi je obravnavano naselje Podgrad, z vodotokom Besnica, ki teče skozi omenjeno naselje. Prostorski podatki so bili pridobljeni s tehnologijo LIDAR. Z uporabo GIS tehnologije smo iz pridobljenih prostorskih podatkov izdelali digitalni model terena. S podatki o vodotokih na območju Podgrada in uporabo modela terena smo z uporabo različnih programskih orodij izdelali hidravlični model območja. Uporabili smo program ESRI ArcGIS z različnimi razširitvami, v katerem smo pripravili geometrijo rečnega korita in pridobili podatke o poplavnih površinah. Program ESRI ArcGIS smo uporabili v kombinaciji s programom HEC-RAS.Natural disasters are a result of natural phenomena. One of the most common natural disaster in Slovenia are floods which cause a lot of damage every year. Among different types of floods we know there are floods caused by background waters. Background waters are waters that are accumulated outside of the observed area and are flowing from the background areas to the observed area in a dispersed flow. Complete protection against floods is practically and economically unachievable but with correct anti-flood measures the damage and risk to the inhabitants can be reduced. The thesis presents settlement Podgrad with the watercourse Besnica that flows through it. Spatial data was acquired with the use of LIDAR technology. Using GIS technology to process the acquired spatial data a digital model of the terrain was created. From the acquired data we have created a digital model of the terrain. We used different software packages to process the data about the watercourses on the area of Podgrad and the terrain model to create the hydraulic model of the area. We used an application ESRI ArcGIS with several extensions with which we prepared the geometry of the riverbed and obtained the data about the flooding area. The application ESRI ArcGIS was used together with application HEC-RAS