Ship-based Offshore CCS Featuring CO2 Shuttle Ships Equipped with Injection Facilities

AbstractTransport of CO2 is a key component in the CCS chain for commercial projects, and CO2 shipping is being reconsidered as an alternative to pipeline transport even when the distance across the sea is not so quite long. The ship-based transport will make it possible to couple CO2 recovery plant and storage site without being limited to a single sink-source match, and decoupling and moving to another sink can be done with relative ease when necessary. It also removes the pipeline construction and removal activities in coastal zone where the social activities like fishery are often high.In this paper, the technical and economic feasibility of shuttle-type shipping and offshore operation for CO2 injection from the ship to the well(s) are studied. The main components needed for the proposed system are liquefaction of CO2, temporary storage at port, offloading, shuttle ship with Dynamic Positioning System and injection equipments onboard, flexible riser pipe whose end is connected with the wellhead on the sea floor, and pickup system at site