Dynamic ice loads on conical structures

AbstractTwo series of model tests were performed to observe the dynamic ice loads on conical structures. The variable testing parameters include the water line diameter of the model cone and ice parameters. During small water line diameter tests, two-time breaking is found to be the typical failure of ice on steep conical structure, and also be controlled by other factors, such as ice speed and the cone angle. During big water line diameter tests, the ice sheet failed nonsimultaneously around the cone. Several independent zones of bending were found in the nonsimultaneous failure process of ice. With the increase of the ratio of D/h and the number of independent zones, the total ice force was found being gradually reduced