Antiplatelet and antithrombotic effect of Phyllostachys pubescens leaves and Mume Fructus combination

AbstractBackgroundAgents currently used for the treatment and prevention of thrombosis have a number of side effects. We conducted this study to develop antithrombotic agents from herbs that are used in food.MethodsThe 80% (v/v) ethanol extracts of Phyllostachys pubescens leaf (PL) and Mume Fructus (MF) and their combinations—2:1 (PM21), 1:1 (PM11), and 1:2 (PM12)—were evaluated on rat platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in vitro and on arteriovenous shunt thrombosis after 3 days of oral treatment in rats in vivo.ResultsAt 100μg/mL, PM21 and PM11 inhibited in vitro ADP-induced aggregation by 44.0±4.3% and 30.0±3.2%, respectively, whereas PL, MF, and PM12 weakly or scarcely inhibited ADP-induced aggregation by 3.9±3.2%, 13.0±2.7%, and 5.2±1.3%, respectively. The IC50 values of PM21 on ADP-, collagen-, and thrombin-induced platelet aggregations were 135.6±7.4μg/mL, 142.7±5.8μg/mL, and 186.5±9.7μg/mL, respectively. In an in vivo rat arteriovenous-shunt thrombosis model, thrombus weight was significantly decreased after the oral administration of 400mg/kg PL (27.8±3.0%, p<0.01) or MF (35.2±2.1%, p<0.01), and with a good accord to the in vitro results, the combination of PL and MF in the ratio of 2:1, PM21 (60.9±1.2%, p