Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae: prevalence and risk factors in HIV-positive children in Tanzania
- Anthony, Laura
- Meehan, Andrea
- Amos, Ben
- Mtove, George
- Mjema, Julius
- Malahiyo, Rajabu
- Yin, Jiehui Kevin
- Oftadeh, Shahin
- Gilbert, Gwendolyn L.
- Shingadia, Delane
- Reyburn, Hugh
- Deen, Jacqueline
- Richmond, Peter C.
- Booy, Robert
DOIAbstract
SummaryBackgroundPneumococcal colonization of the nasopharynx is especially common in young children and is a pre-requisite for pneumococcal disease. Those with immunosuppression, such as HIV, are at higher risk of colonization and disease, especially at older ages. Currently, vaccination schedules are only offered to children under 6 months of age, despite the large impact of pneumococcal disease in older unvaccinated children with HIV. We conducted a study to assess the prevalence of, and risk factors for, pneumococcal carriage in HIV-positive children aged <15 years.MethodsWe collected a single nasopharyngeal swab from 142 HIV-infected children aged 1–14 years over a 2-month period. To detect carriage of pneumococcus, these samples were ...
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