Traveling wave fronts of delayed non-local diffusion systems without quasimonotonicity

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the existence of traveling wave fronts for delayed non-local diffusion systems without quasimonotonicity, which can not be answered by the known results. By using exponential order, upper–lower solutions and Schauder's fixed point theorem, we reduce the existence of monotone traveling wave fronts to the existence of upper–lower solutions without the requirement of monotonicity. To illustrate our results, we establish the existence of traveling wave fronts for two examples which are the delayed non-local diffusion version of the Nicholson's blowflies equation and the Belousov–Zhabotinskii model. These results imply that the traveling wave fronts of the delayed non-local diffusion systems without quasimonotonicity are persistent if the delay is small