Differentiated Identity and Political Construction of Gender Theory in The Context of Globalization

宋建丽，厦门大学马克思主义学院副教授，哲学博士,主要从事马克思主义、政治哲学研究。【中文摘要】伴随全球化和多元化的历史进程，承认差异的要求几乎是呈指数式增长。女性差异性的身份也由此成为后现代语境中女性主义进一步挑战不公正处境，寻求自身解放的根据。从要求差异性身份的认同以及差异性权利的赋予，到以身体代替主体、以身体政治代替身份政治，后现代的女性主义在进一步解构性别本质论，不断深化和扩展差异性正义诉求的同时，却面临退守文化批判和话语政治，从而丧失其解放潜能的危险。在全球化背景下，女性的经济地位、政治地位和社会地位都面临更为严峻的挑战，仅仅止步于对差异的承认是远远不够的，因而，一种历史唯物主义批判视角的回归，有助于后现代的女性主义走出困境，更具建设性地提出性别正义的主张，从而在全球化背景下推动社会变革，实现自身解放。 【Abstract】 The demand for the recognition of differences grows almost exponentially as the globalization and diversification closes, and woman's differentiated identity thus becomes the reason by which post-modernity feminism continue to challenge injustice situation and in search of their own emancipation. From appealing to differentiated identity and differentiated rights to substituting body for subject and substituting body politics for identity politics, post-modernity feminism face with the risk of retreating and standing on the defensive cultural critique and deliberative Politics and thereby lose their emancipatory latent energy. Under Globalization Background,woman's economic status,political position and social condition are all confronted with more rigorous challenge, so only stop at recognition of difference far from enough, the return of a critical view of historical materialism will do help post-modernity feminism to walk away from dilemma，more constructively put forward the opinion of gender justice，thus push forward social change under the background of globalization and realize woman's emancipation.本文系2013年教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目：“南茜•弗雷泽反规范的正义理论研究”，13YJA710038;2013年中央高校基本科研业务费项目：“当代资本主义正义批判理论前沿”，2013221019; 2014年厦门大学繁荣计划项目的资助课题成果