Modern Chinese Women Writers' Feminist Literature Consciousness

吴玉杰，辽宁大学文学院教授、博士生导师，主要从事中国现当代文学研究。王春荣,辽宁大学文学院教授、博士生导师，主要从事中国现当代文学研究。【中文摘要】中国现代女作家在本土文化与西方文化、启蒙现代性与审美现代性的影响之下，在权力话语与个人话语纠结之中，在个性主义与女性主义追求之上形成特有的女性文学意识，并把这种意识付诸创作实践。中国现代女作家近一个世纪的文学实践,表明女性文学意识经历从自在性、被动性到自觉性的生成与嬗变过程，而且呈现出文学思想与文学实践的同向性与矛盾性。中国现代女作家在为什么写、写什么、怎样写以及写给谁的问题上有自己独到的思考，如果说这形成了她们特有的文学意识，那么，或隐或显的女性意识在理论与实践双文本中的潜行与流淌，则创构出具有中国特色的女性文学意识。而之所以说“中国特色的女性文学意识”，则是基于与西方经典女作家之比较、与中国古典女性文学之比较、与现代男作家之比较以及中国现代女作家自身等共时性与历时性的多重考量。 【Abstract】Modem Chinese women writers are influenced by both local culture and western culture, and meanwhile inspired by both enlightening modernity and aesthetic modernity. Entangled in power discourse and individual discourse, these women writers shape their feminist literature consciousness in the pursuit of individualism and feminism,and put the consciousness into practice. Their literature practices in the previous century clearly show that the feminist literature consciousness undergoes a process from self-existence, to passiveness, then to consciousness,i.e., a process from birth to transmutation, and that their literature thoughts and literature practices tend to be both identical and contradictory. These women writers have their own thoughts on questions like why to write,what to write,how to write and whom to write to.If the unique literature consciousness is the name given, the consciousness apparently or implicitly reveals in both the texts of theories and practices of feminist consciousness, which forms the feminist literature consciousness with Chinese characteristics. On the basis of synchronic and diachronic studies from the multiple perspectives of the comparisons with the classical western women writers, with the classical Chinese women writers, with the modem men writers, as well as with the modem Chinese writers themselves,“the feminist literature consciousness with Chinese characteristics” comes into being