Adjustment of Cognition between Lyric and Narrative:A Side View of the Construction of Wang Guowei's Literary Views in the Early 20th Century

张冠夫,北京语言大学人文学院教授、博士生导师,文学博士。【中文摘要】20世纪初,王国维一改中国传统文学观中褒扬诗、词等抒情文学而贬抑小说、戏曲等叙事文学的倾向,将叙事文学放在抒情文学之上,这一文学类型观的重要变化在当时具有相当的普遍性。就王国维个人而言,这主要源于在以叔本华为代表的西方晚近文学、美学理论的影响下,其文学认同向西方文学的转移,特别是其文学观和审美观所发生的深刻变化。但由于中国文学的抒情传统对于其影响的持续以及个人的性情等因素,王国维对于抒情文学仍然难于忘情,这导致他的文学论述中涉及传统抒情文学时的内在的矛盾。而在后期的戏曲论中,王国维纠正了个人的认识偏颇,强调叙事与抒情两者间的内在联系,从而打破了抒情文学和叙事文学的二元对立。王国维的这一心路历程具有深刻的启示性。 【Abstract】 At the beginning of the 20 th century, Wang Guowei reversed the Chinese traditional literary tendency of favoring poetry and lyric literature over fiction, drama and other literary narratives and put narrative literature before lyric literature. This type of significant change in the concept of the literary style was rather common at that time. As far as Wang was concerned, this was mainly a result of the influence of recent Western literature and aesthetics theory as typified by Schopenhauer's, which caused Wang's literary identity, especially his literary view and aesthetic view of profound changes,to shift to Western literature. Because of the influence of the Chinese literature lyrical tradition and his personal reasons, he still appreciated lyric literature, leading to the internal contradictions in his literary discourse involving the traditional lyric literature. At the late stage of the drama theory, he refined his personal understanding of bias and stressed the internal connection between the narrative and lyric, thus breaking the duality between lyric literature and narrative literature. Wang's psychological journey was profoundly enlightening