CO2 abatement in the iron and steel industry - the case for carbon capture and storage (CCS)

The steel industry is amongst the most energy-intensive industries also consuming large amounts of coal and emitting significant volumes of carbon dioxide (CO2). Studies indicate that steelmaking accounts for 6 - 7 % of world anthropogenic CO2 emissions, and 27 % of the total emissions of the world’s manufacturing sector. Steel manufacturers have responded to sustainable resource use and development adopting several measures attaining a reduction in energy consumption of 60 % in the last 50 years. The paper discusses Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) as a CO2 mitigation option, after the 2015 Paris Climate Conference (COP 21) and in relation to the European Regulation for CO2 measurement, reporting and verification