THE EFFECT OF 3 DIFFERENT EXERCISE APPROACHES ON NECK MUSCLE ENDURANCE, KINESIOPHOBIA, EXERCISE COMPLIANCE, AND PATIENT SATISFACTION IN CHRONIC WHIPLASH

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 3 different exercise approaches on neck muscle endurance (NME), kinesiophobia, exercise compliance, and patient satisfaction in patients with chronic whiplash. Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial included 216 individuals with chronic whiplash. Participants were randomized to 1 of 3 exercise interventions: neck-specific exercise (NSE), NSE combined with a behavioral approach (NSEB), or prescribed physical activity (PPA). Measures of ventral and dorsal NME (endurance time in seconds), perceived pain after NME testing, kinesiophobia, exercise compliance, and patient satisfaction were recorded at baseline and at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Results: Compared with individuals in the prescribed physical activity group, participants in the NSE and NSEB groups exhibited greater gains in dorsal NME (P = .003), greater reductions in pain after NME testing (P = .03), and more satisfaction with treatment (P less than .001). Kinesiophobia and exercise compliance did not significantly differ between groups (P greater than .07). Conclusion: Among patients with chronic whiplash, a neck-specific exercise intervention (with or without a behavioral approach) appears to improve NME. Participants were more satisfied with intervention including neck-specific exercises than with the prescription of general exercise.Funding Agencies|Swedish government; Swedish Social Insurance Agency through the REHSAM Foundation [RS2010/009]; Centre for Clinical Research Sormland at Uppsala University Sweden; Medical Research Council of Southeast Sweden; Center for Clinical Research of Ostergotland; Uppsala-Orebro Regional Research Council Sweden; Health Practitioner Research Fellowship from Queensland Health; University of Queensland (NHMRC CCRE Spinal Pain, Injury, and Health); Swedish Research Council; Wennergren Foundation