Internationell bygglogistik vid installationsinköp : En studie om materialansvar mellan entreprenör och underentreprenör

An increased internationally purchased volume is a current trend within the construction industry. Skanska is trying to lead this development by including international subcontractors within selected segments to not only decrease overall costs but also meet increased demands for housing and commercial properties. This study is a part of that development and contributes with a solution for Skanska to increase its international volume and at the same time make sure the purchased materials fulfill requirements regarding environmental factors, quality, safety and costs. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the responsibility for the materials supply should be designed if Skanska purchase international installation subcontractors. The study is a part of Skanska’s work to minimize risk as well as costs and to increase international volume. The view is that subcontractors have full responsibility for their own supply chain which creates problems regarding visibility and economies of scale. Another purpose of this study is to investigate what projects, products and subcontractors are appropriate to boost supply chain responsibility and in addition to that also look at what pros and cons rise by providing such materials.The conclusion is that a number of advantages can be made if Skanska itself provides materials to some projects, within some product groups and for some subcontractors. There is a big potential for cost savings, intermediaries will be eliminated, the traceability will be increased and it increases Skanska’s framework agreement volume. Office and apartment projects are the most suitable projects for Skanska to take material responsibility where it is possible to consolidate the volume on a small number of articles. Suitable products are those where Skanska has an ongoing framework agreement with suppliers where they are allowed to directly purchase in a project and are not obliged to go through a wholesaler. These articles include lighting fixtures and selected ventilation products. In regard to subcontractors they should be introduced to a small, foreign actor because they are more willing to use new logistic solutions compared to Swedish counterparts. The recommendation to Skanska is to test this through a pilot project and narrow it down to lighting fixtures. This category of products has a very high total value in each project which means that a small percentage decrease in costs gives a large actual cost saving improving Skanska’s bottom line. The project is suggested to be apartment houses because these are characterized by large repetitive work and that international subcontractors have historically been used in these types of projects.For future studies Skanska should do an investigation into more product categories to see if there is potential within other areas than electrical and ventilation installations. One example is visible materials like bath tubs, fresh water taps and sinks because of their large costs. For this improvement to be accepted by the subcontractors a model to divide the cost savings equally between Skanska and the installation firms needs also to be created.Validerat; 20150612 (global_studentproject_submitter