Cleaner energy supply structures for campus building clusters

The comparison of building clusters based on energy and the quality of energy (exergy) is a key aspect for determining steps towards cleaner energy supply structures. This paper compares two building clusters based on an integrated approach that involves building and energy system level analyses. The first cluster involves 8 buildings with diverse energy profiles at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology campus, including faculty buildings, laboratories, and a data center with waste heat recovery. The second cluster involves planned buildings in the Albano district in the vicinity of the KTH campus that will be a joint area with lecture buildings and accommodation for 3 universities in Stockholm. The present energy supply structure for the campus and the surrounding urban area includes a local combined heat and power (CHP) plant. The comparison of the building clusters involve analyses based on the Rational Exergy Management Model. Four scenarios, which involve different shares for the existing CHP units, new biofuel CHP unit, seawater heat pumps, peak load boilers, electric boilers, large scale aquifer thermal energy storage, heat supply from solar collectors, and electricity and heat from photovoltaic thermal arrays are devised for comparison. The scenarios have at most an exergy match of 0.81. The paper concludes with useful results that are in line with the aims of IEA Annex 64 on Optimised Performance of Energy Supply Systems with Exergy Principles.QC 20160923