Ikääntyvien kehitysvammaisten palveluntarpeet : Integroiva kirjallisuuskatsaus

Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli kartoittaa integroivan kirjallisuuskatsauksen avulla ikääntyneiden kehitysvammaisten palveluiden tarpeita niin Suomessa kuin muualla maailmassa ja selvittää millaiset palvelut tukevat heidän elämänlaatuaan. Kirjallisuuskatsaukselle haettiin lisäarvoa Jyväskylän kaupungin vammaispalveluiden palvelupäällikölle, kahdelle palveluesimiehelle, sosiaalityöntekijälle, kolmelle palveluohjaajalle sekä SOTE 2020-hankkeen vanhustyöryhmän jäsenelle suunnatulla sähköpostikyselyllä. Kyselyn kautta tuloksiin saatiin Jyväskylän kaupungin vammaispalveluiden asiantuntijoiden näkökulma. Integroiva kirjallisuuskatsaus valikoitui menetelmäksi koska ikääntyneistä kehitysvammaisista on saatavilla hyvin vähän suomenkielistä tutkimusta. Integroiva kirjallisuuskatsaus rakentui tutkimuskysymysten määrittelystä, alkuperäistutkimusten valinnasta, tutkimusten laadunarvioinnista sekä analysoinnista ja tulosten esittämisestä. Kirjallisuushaut kohdennettiin sekä Suomalaisiin että kansainvälisiin tietokantoihin: Melinda, Cinahl, Academic Search Elite ja PubMed. Lisäksi tehtiin hakuja manuaalisesti sekä Googleen että Kehitysvammaliiton sivuille. Näistä saatiin yhteensä 1135 artikkeliviitettä, joista 10 artikkelia valittiin aineistosidonnaiseen sisällön analyysiin. Kirjallisuuskatsauksen tuloksena saimme suuntaviivoja palveluiden suunnittelun pohjaksi. Keskeisimmät ikääntyvien kehitysvammaisten palveluntarpeita määrittävät alaluokat olivat saattohoito, henkilökohtainen budjetointi, moniammatillisuus, palveluiden sisällöt, ajantasaiset palvelusuunnitelmat, henkilöstön koulutustarpeet, asiakaskeskeisyys, terveys ja toimintakykyisyys ja niiden systemaattinen seuranta ja tulevaisuuden suunnittelu. Elämänlaatua määrittävinä alaluokkina esiin nousivat aktiivinen ikääntyminen, sosiaalinen verkosto sekä lupa vanheta paikoillaan. Integroivan kirjallisuuskatsauksen tulokset osoittavat, että tarve ikääntyville kehitysvammaisille henkilöille kohdennetuille palveluille on olemassa ja kohderyhmä on kasvava.The purpose of this study was to conduct an integrative literature review and examine what kinds of service needs elderly intellectually disabled persons have both in Finland and world-wide. At the same time the study tried to determine what kinds of services were needed to support the quality of life of elderly intellectually disabled persons. In order to gain added value for the review, an e-mail survey was also conducted during the study. It was sent to eight experts of disability services in the city of Jyväskylä: the Service Manager, two service supervisors, one social worker, three service directors and one member of the elderly services working group of the SOTE 2020- project. The survey contributed to the results by bringing in an expert perspective of municipal elderly services. An integrative literature review was selected as a method because research on elderly intel-lectually disabled persons was practically non-existent in Finnish. The review process followed a protocol which consisted of framing the questions, identifying relevant literature, assessing the quality of the literature, summarizing the evidence and interpreting the findings. Both Finnish and international databases were used: Melinda, CINAHL, Academic Search Elite and PubMed. In addition, manual searches were conducted both in Google and the internet pages of Kehitysvammaliitto. The process gave 1135 citations of which ten research articles were selected for content analysis. The literature review gave guidelines that could serve as a basis of planning the services for this group. The subcategories defining the group’s service needs were palliative care, person-al budgeting, multi-professionality, content of the services, real-time service plans, staff training needs, client-centred planning, health and functional ability and their systematic fol-low-up and planning for the future. The subcategories related to quality of life were active aging, social networks and permission to grow old. The findings of the study show that spe-cialized services are needed for the growing group of intellectually disabled persons.The purpose of this study was to conduct an integrative literature review and examine what kinds of service needs elderly intellectually disabled persons have both in Finland and world-wide. At the same time the study tried to determine what kinds of services were needed to support the quality of life of elderly intellectually disabled persons. In order to gain added value for the review, an e-mail survey was also conducted during the study. It was sent to eight experts of disability services in the city of Jyväskylä: the Service Manager, two service supervisors, one social worker, three service directors and one member of the elderly services working group of the SOTE 2020- project. The survey contributed to the results by bringing in an expert perspective of municipal elderly services. An integrative literature review was selected as a method because research on elderly intel-lectually disabled persons was practically non-existent in Finnish. The review process followed a protocol which consisted of framing the questions, identifying relevant literature, assessing the quality of the literature, summarizing the evidence and interpreting the findings. Both Finnish and international databases were used: Melinda, CINAHL, Academic Search Elite and PubMed. In addition, manual searches were conducted both in Google and the internet pages of Kehitysvammaliitto. The process gave 1135 citations of which ten research articles were selected for content analysis. The literature review gave guidelines that could serve as a basis of planning the services for this group. The subcategories defining the group’s service needs were palliative care, person-al budgeting, multi-professionality, content of the services, real-time service plans, staff training needs, client-centred planning, health and functional ability and their systematic fol-low-up and planning for the future. The subcategories related to quality of life were active aging, social networks and permission to grow old. The findings of the study show that spe-cialized services are needed for the growing group of intellectually disabled persons