Semiochemical attractants for fruit flies of agricultural importance.

Introduction: Fruit flies are among the most damaging agricultural pests worldwide. To combat their devastating impacts on a wide variety of crops, most growers rely on organophosphate insecticides to manage these pests in their fields. Overuse of organophosphates has been implicated in secondary pest outbreaks, negative impacts on beneficial insects, environmental contamination, hazards to human health, and resistance development. With increasingly stringent regulations limiting use of these insecticides, growers have been challenged with finding more effective, sustainable fruit fly control techniques