Physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds under different chemical treatments during storage.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the chemical treatment with fungicide, insecticide, micronutrient and polymer on physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds during storage. The treatments were arranged in a 3 x 5 x 5 factorial scheme (cultivars x seeds treatment x storage period), in completely randomized design with four replicates. Three cultivars were used: NA 4823RG, BMX TurboRR and Fundacep 62RR. The treatments were: T1: no chemical treatment, T2: fungicide, insecticide and micronutrient; T3: fungicide, insecticide, micronutrient and polymer, T4: fungicide; T5: insecticide. After the chemical treatment, the seeds were stored under environmental conditions from May to December 2012, and seed quality was evaluated at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 months of storage. Seeds water content and physiological quality were determined through tests of germination, accelerated aging, seedling length, seedling dry weight and sanity. The treatment with fungicides, insecticides, micronutrients and polymer did not affect seed quality over eight months of storage and promoted the control fungi associated with the seeds. RESUMO: Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do tratamento químico de sementes de soja com fungicida, inseticida, micronutriente e polímero na qualidade fisiológica e sanitária durante o armazenamento. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em um esquema fatorial 3 x 5 x 5 (cultivares x tratamento de sementes x período de armazenamento), em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. Foram utilizadas três cultivares NA 4823RG, BMX TurboRR e Fundacep 62RR. Os tratamentos foram: T1: sem tratamento químico; T2: fungicida, inseticida e micronutriente e T3: fungicida, inseticida, micronutriente e polímero, T4: fungicida e T5: inseticida. Após o tratamento as sementes foram armazenadas sob condições ambientais de maio a dezembro de 2012, sendo as avaliações da qualidade das sementes realizadas aos 0, 2, 4, 6 e 8 meses de armazenamento. Determinou-se o teor de água das sementes e a qualidade fisiológica através do teste de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento e massa seca de plântulas, além da sanidade. O tratamento com o fungicida, inseticida, micronutriente e polímero não prejudicou qualidade fisiológica das sementes ao longo de oito meses de armazenamento e promoveu o controle de fungos associados às sementes