Animal farm viewed from rhetorical point of view

This study involves stylistics theories used in analyzing a novel entitled Animal Farm rhetorically. The aims are to explore the cruelty of Napoleon deeply through stylistics fields. According to Drever (1986: 87) from psychological point of view, cruelty is a tendency to enjoy, or to get satisfaction, and in causing of suffering against animals or other humans. So, to expand the thesis analysis on cruelty, the writer uses the theories of stylistics which include language and literature which are stated by Bradford (1997: xi), Short (1996: 1), and Widdowson (1975: 4) that stylistics is an area of mediation between two disciplines, that is (English) language and literature. Stylistics sometimes looks like either linguistics or literary criticism, depending on where we are standing when we are looking at it. Stylistics enables us to identity and name the distinguishing features of literary texts, and to specify the generic and structural subdivisions of literature. There are three aspects of stylistics fields which will be used in analyzing the novel entitled Animal Farm: linguistic stylistics, literary stylistics, and the underlying theme of Animal Farm. To discuss linguistic stylistics, the writer uses the linguistic devices which consist of deixis (person, place, and time deixis), topicalization (theme and rheme, passivization, pseudo-cleft transformation), and Direct Speech. They are related to discourse analysis study. To discuss literary stylistics, the writer uses satirical devices for a political satire and also stylistic devices which consist of diction, metaphor, and repetition. They are related to pragmastylistics study. Figurative languages which include literature fields and conversational implicature based on Grice's theory of implicature which includes linguistics field are also used to expand both linguistic and stylistic devices, to explore about meaning of conversation and connotated words/ sentences in the novel. To discuss the underlying theme of Animal Farm, the writer uses nonliterary aspects, those are aspects outside literature and linguistics aspects from religio-political fields. This is a qualitative study. The data of this study are sentences and utterances which contain literary and non-literary aspects found in the source of data of George Orwell's Animal Farm. The findings of this study reveal the descriptive data consist of at least 30 sentences as the samples of the novel which contain literary and stylistics aspects. For the literary analysis, the writer reveals Napoleon is able to bring down Jones' cruelty, master other animals absolutely until his cruelty brings fatal impacts for himself, other animals, and the windmill. For the stylistics analysis, the writer discusses satirical devices; the novel is known as a political satire. This is a work which blends a critical attitude with humour and wit for the purpose of ridiculing the follies of man's political behavior and institutions. The author wishes to make the reader accept animals as personalities in their own right and to ignore whatever situations which are happening/ taking place. Linguistics and stylistics devices are used to show that the novel has many connotated meanings in the utterances, words, and sentences. Animal Farm has a connotated meaning of a feudalistic country led by Jones - which changes into a communistic country led by Napoleon. A human as a farm owner connotates the powerful man in a country. Animals connotate ordinary people who are only passive and become the objects of the government. Pigs connotate the greedy, lazy, and pig-headed people, but have an ambition to be powerful men as Napoleon. For the underlying theme analysis, the writer reveals that power tends to corrupt and that absolute power corrupts absolutely. The theme is expanded to the religio-political aspects, those are aspects which are related to belief in God and state and governmental affairs in the novel which tell that Napoleon is not only sinful, but also breaks human rights