The composition and quality analysis of row milk in different types of farms (respected to organic and conventional farming systems)

The experiment was carried out in Lithuanian Veterinary Academy, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, public enterprise „Pieno tyrimai“ and in corporation „Pieno žvaigždės“ affiliate „Kauno pienas“ on 2008-2010 of master study period. Two dairy farms were chosen for the term paper analysis, both in Kaišiadoriai district: one environmentally friendly and second following traditional manufacturing. The period of experiment was 1st of January, 2009 -31st of December, 2009. During this period, the milk consist indicators- greasiness and proteins, and also qualitative indicators- number of somatic cells, general bacterial impurity, suppressants and freezing-point were analysed in ecological and traditional dairy farms manufacturing milk. During the analysis period milk consist and qualitative indicators were valuated by comparing the ecological and traditional dairy farm, and also comparing with Kaišiadoriai district co-op of environmentally-friendly dairy farms and the average of indicators of Lithuanian dairy industry under public enterprise „ Pieno tyrimai“ database and corporation‘s „Pieno žvaigždės“ affiliate „Kauno pienas“ labaratory stated data. For the analysis of research the devices were used: „Milkoscan FT 120“ (greasiness and protein analysis), Charm ROSA apparatus (finding suppresants), cryoscope „Ultrasonic 10S/LC“ (for the freezing-point determination). The data that was collected during research were processed statistically, using „Microsoft Excel 2003“ and statistical „R“ packets. Average, the amount of numbers, superficial deviation and confidence limits were calculates using the programs mentioned earlier. Results: The milk consist of traditional dairy farm exceeds average amount of environmentally-friendly dairy farm‘s greasiness 0.46 % on pasturable period, and period of cattle-shed -0.38 %, also proteins on pasturable period -0.41 %, and period of cattle-shed -0.11 %. The somatic cells amount of traditional dairy farm was avg.88 thousands/ml lower than environmentally-friendly dairy farm, while general bacterial impurity- avg.68thousand/ml. Comparing the freezing-point, the bigger one was of the ecological dairy farm, when cows milk was freshest (on March, April, May). The amount of somatic cells and milk freezing-point indicates cow’s health. The indicators found displays that bigger greasiness and protein amount and better milk quality is picked from traditional dairy farm cows. Conclusion: 1. On pasturable period milk greasiness moderatly 0.51 % was bigger in traditional dairy farm. On cattle-shed period (on January, November, December) milk greasiness was similar in both dairy farms; on February, April, October it moderatly lowered by 0.79% in ecological dairy farm. 2. Milk protein percentage on pasturable period moderatly was 0.41 % bigger in traditional dairy farm, meanwhile on cattle-shed period (on January, November, December) in the same dairy farm was lower (0.28 %). 3. Somatic cells amount moderatly was 27 % (88thousands/ml) lower in traditional dairy farm‘s milk. 4. Bacterial amount was moderatly 64% (68 thousands/ml) lower in traditional dairy farm‘s milk. 5. Suppressant materials on analysed farms were not found on 2009. 6. The freezing-point of ecological dairy farm on 2009 March, April, May exceeded the limits -0.515ºC which were fixed on Milk procurement regulations ( when the recovery of unauthorized expenditure is adapted), but it corresponded other ecological dairy farms, belonging to ecological co-op, freezing-points. 7. On 2009, the milk picked from ecological and traditional dairy farms satisfied fixed Milk procurement regulations