An adaptation needs assessment during the postoperative period of women with breast cancer

A breast cancer is the most common malignant disease of women and the most serious and relevant problem of their health. The actuality of this problem depends on the extent of this disease and continuous growth of the incidence of breast cancer. Following the work will clarify what are the adaptation needs for women after 1 – 4 day from surgery (early postoperative period), and during the period of backing home (the late postoperative period). Clarifying the adaptation needs leads the faster and more efficient way to help patients cope with adaptation problems. The objective of the work is to assess and compare the adaptation needs in the early and late postoperative period of the women with breast cancer. To accomplish the object of work was used three tasks: 1. Compare physiological adaptation needs in the early and late postoperative period based on C. Roy adaptation model for women with breast cancer. 2. Compare the self-concept function of early and late postoperative period based on C. Roy adaptation model for women with breast cancer. 3. Compare the needs of interrelation in the early and late postoperative period based on C. Roy adaptation model for women with breast cancer. 4. Compare personal interdependence needs in early and late postoperative period based on C. Roy adaptation model for women with breast cancer. The object of investigation - 25 - 55 year-old patients, suffering from I - II-stage breast cancer, which has been operated and treated at the LSMU KK Breast Surgery Department. The used method of investigation is an anonymous questionnaire. The study was conducted in two sections. Sections of the study: • The first questionnaire was carried out in the early postoperative period – from first to fourth day after the operation. • The second questionnaire was conducted in the late postoperative period – 5th-14th day after surgery, when the patients have returned home and filled in the questionnaire at home. It was completed before the rehabilitation or other treatment was started. The questionnaires used at the study: McCorkle R. (1983) Symptom distress questionnaire (Symptom Distress Scale), Spanier G. B. (1989) The section of the questionnaire of the relations of the satisfaction (Dyadic Adjusment Scale), and Beck A. D. (1993), Questionnaire of the Beck Depression (Beck Depression Scale). The results of investigation showed that: 1. In the late postoperative period significantly improved physical adaptation needs - nausea, insomnia, loss of appetite, pain and assessment of accumulation compared with the early postoperative period. 2. It was found that a woman's role in the family significantly improved in the late postoperative period compared with the early postoperative period. 3. The needs of interrelation in the late postoperative period improved in practically all categories: women has started to talk about relationships with her husband more openly, the evaluation of the interrelation has improved, women began to look inwards least, the assessment of femininity has improved, the sexual fear has decreased, in comparing these categories with the early postoperative period. 4. In the late postoperative period of personal identity adaptation decreased depression and the form of depression was easier, compared with the early postoperative period