Interrelationships between Socioeconomic and Other Risk Factors and Spontaneous Abortion

The Objective of the Master’s Thesis. To investigate the relationships between socioeconomic and other risk factors and the threat of spontaneous abortion. The Main Tasks of the Thesis. 1. To ascertain interrelationships between biological factors and spontaneous abortion. 2. To assess interrelationships between the lifestyle factors and spontaneous abortion. 3. To establish interrelationships between working conditions and the risk of spontaneous abortion. 4. To determine interrelationships between psychosocial factors and spontaneous abortion. 5. To ascertain interrelationships between the living environment and the threat of spontaneous abortion. Methods. A case-control study and an anonymous questionnaire survey, which involved 79 women who underwent spontaneous abortion and 158 women who delivered full-term infants at the same medical institution simultaneously. Results. Spontaneous abortion was 3 times more common in women under 20. The miscarriage experienced by the mother increased the risk of spontaneous abortion by 2.6 times (OR = 2.6; 95% CI [1.21 – 5.56]; p = 0.038). Women who underwent spontaneous abortion had sexual intercourse on a more frequent basis (2 – 3 times a week). There were no differences in nutritional habits and alcohol consumption among women during the gestation period. The risk of spontaneous abortion was 4.24 times greater for women smokers than those who did not smoke (OR = 4.24; 95% CI [1.601 – 11.23]; p = 0.001). In the case of women who consumed coffee on a daily basis the risk of spontaneous abortion was 3.86 times higher than in the case of women who did not drink it at all (OR = 3.86; 95% CI [1.054 – 14.166]; p = 0.0001). 2 – 3 cups of coffee a day increased the risk of spontaneous abortion by 3.73 times compared to 1 cup of coffee (OR = 3.73; 95% CI [ 2.08 – 6.72]; p = 0.0001). Workers and students/school students, women working shifts or exposed to a noisy work environment prevailed in the case group. Women who gave birth on the due date were more often exposed to a dusty work environment. Spontaneous abortion was more common in unmarried women than in women who entered unregistered marriages. The risk of spontaneous abortion was 6.72 times higher for women who experience stress (OR = 6.72; 95% CI [2.516 -17.958]; p = 0.0001). Conclusions. The women’s age, frequent coffee consumption, smoking and stress were significant risk factors for spontaneous abortion. The miscarriage experienced by the mother increased the risk of miscarriage. There was the interrelationship between unstable family and sexual intercourse and spontaneous abortion. Home environment, place of residence, physical activity, alcohol consumption and its amount, and nutritional habits were not linked to the risk of spontaneous abortion