Perkembangan Perspektif Dalam Teori Keunggulan Kompetitif Yang Berkelanjutan

There arevarious perspectiveson management related to sustainable compettive advantages. Each perspective has a adifferent emphasis and tries to improve the previous perspectives. Industry Organization view use sexternal forces (competitors, suppliers, customers) as a starting point for the development of the strategy. Resource-based view perspective uses internal forces ( organization, competencies). Knowledge-based View and Intellectual Capital are further specification of there source-based view. Intellectual capital as newest competative advantage approach has three parts : human resources, organizational resources and relational resources. Monitoring the intellectual capitalis based on three taxonomies. The concept of intellectual capital can be applied the national, industry and enterprise level