re attachment:

Chromosomal instability (CIN): Elevated rate of chromosome mis-segregationputer simulations highly exceeds those observed experi-mentally, suggesting that there are cellular mechanismsnon of merotely has been known for decades, recent dis-coveries showing that merotelic kinetochore orientation represents a major mechanism of aneuploidy in mitotic cells [3] and is the primary mechanism of chromosomal instability (CIN) in cancer cells [4–7] have attracted the attention of scientists from various fields. In this review, we focus on mechanisms preventing and correcting mer-otelic kinetochore attachment and we outline some impor-tant areas of future studies in this field. Preventing merotelic attachments The number of merotelic attachments predicted by com-Glossary Kinetochore: Protein complex assembled on centromeric chromatin. Site of microtubule attachment during cell division. Microtubule: Filament composed of the protein tubulin. Kinetochore microtubules: Subset of spindle microtubules that attach to kinetochores. Kinetochore fiber: Bundle of kinetochore microtubules. Mitotic spindle: Apparatus consisting of microtubule arrays and many other associated components, which segregates chromosomes during mitosis (mitotic spindle) and meiosis (meiotic spindle). Spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC): Biochemical pathway that monitors the attachment state of kinetochores. Delays anaphase onset until all kinetochores are attached to spindle microtubules. Chromosome mis-segregation: Segregation of a whole chromosome to the incorrect daughter cell during cell division. This leads to the formation of aneuploid daughter cells.their segregation to spindle poles. Although the phenome-phase, they cause chromatids to lag behind, hindering Recent studies have shown that the depletion of theMerotelic kinetocho causes and effect