for Investigating Developmental Models of Supervision

Ten years of research on developmental models of supervision in counseling generally support the premises of the models. Nevertheless, very little is known about the conduct of effective supervision. Future research needs to explore the relationship between supervision, trainee outcomes, and trainee type. Supervision should adopt a pragmatic agenda, more directly investigating the relevance of developmental models to the actual practice of supervision. These studies would have the potential for guiding daily interactions with supervisees. Researchers should implement "moratoriums " on three types of research: (1) model-building; (2) self-reports of satisfaction and self-reports of perception of supervision events; and (3) academic settings. Researchers should directly measure actual supervision events, conduct collaborative studies with field supervisors, and work towar