Clinical Analysis of Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease Diagnosed as Coincidental Pulmonary Infection Due to Mycobacterium Species*

Copyright © 2013 Yoshihiro Kobashi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Li-cense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objectives: We analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary mycobacterial disease diagnosed as coincidental pulmonary infection due to Mycobacterium species. Materials and Methods: One hundred sixty patients satisfied the diagnostic criteria of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease proposed by American Thoracic Society during the last seven years. Six patients (3.8%) were coincidental pulmonary infection due to two Mycobacterium species. We investigated the background, laboratory findings, microbiological findings, radiological findings, treatment and progno-sis. Results: There were six patients, 3 males and 3 females, with a mean age of 71.7 years. The causative microorgan-isms of coincidental pulmonary infection consisted of Mycobacterium avium + Mycobacterium intracellulare in two patients, Mycobacterium avium + Mycobacterium kansasii in one, Mycobacterium intracellulare + Mycobacterium che-lonae in one, Mycobacterium intracellulare + Mycobacterium abscessus in one, and Mycobacterium intracellulare + Mycobacterium tuberculosis in one. Regarding the radiological findings, the distribution of the lesion was frequently shown in both the right middle and left lingula lobes, but the extent of the lesion was limited within the unilateral lung field. Centrilobular small nodules with bronchiectasis were recognized in all patients and cavities or infiltration shad