Effects of Complex Training on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Middle Aged Obese Women

This study measured physical characteristics and physical composition of 16 middle-aged obese wom-en using a body composition analyzer. TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were investigated in order to ana-lyze components of serum liquids. The study also compared changes regarding cardiovascular risk factors before and after a 12-week exercise program by measuring insulin and intensity of TNF-α. To examine such changes, the study carried out a 12-week, complex training program for middle-aged obese women who did not regularly exercise. The results of the study were as follows: 1) after 12 weeks of complex training, in changes of physical characteristics, weight, BMI and WHR were sig-nificantly reduced. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased, but there were no significant differences; 2) after 12 weeks of complex training, in changes of physical composition, body fat mass and body fat rate were significantly reduced and fat free mass was significantly increased; 3) after 12 weeks of complex training, in changes of serum liquids, TC, TG and LDL-C were sig-nificantly reduced. HDL-C increased, but this was not statistically significant; 4) after 12 weeks of complex training, in changes of cardiovascular risk factors, insulin and TNF-α were significantl