Title: Examining Multidimensional Resilience in At-risk Adolescents.

The bulk of resilience research has focused on developmental outcomes in a single domain of functioning (e.g., academic achievement), overlooking the complex interplay of positive and negative developmental outcomes that may co-occur within an individual (Luthar, Cicchetti, & Becker, 2000). Resilience may strengthen over time and across domains (e.g., psychological well-being, physical health), thus a corresponding variation in functioning across domains of development is also likely (Wright, Fopma-Loy, & Fischer, 2005). A multidimensional approach to resilience is necessary to account for this variation in functioning. Therefore, the current research trend of examining a single outcome and then ascribing a unidimensional 'resilient vs. not resilient ' label without specifying a domain of resilience may be masking the co-occurrence of positive and negative outcomes of at-risk individuals. To address this gap, this dissertation presents two studies exploring resilience as a multidimensional construct. Both studies examined data from 323 students who participated in the Chicago cluster randomized trial of the Positive Action (PA) program (Ji, DuBois, Flay, & Brechling, 2008). The first study identified distinct subcategories of resilienc