E (2000) The contributions of the economics of information to twentieth century economics

In the eld of economics, perhaps the most important break with the past—one that leaves open huge areas for future work—lies in the economics of information. It is now recognized that information is imperfect, obtaining informa-tion can be costly, there are important asymmetries of information, and the extent of information asymmetries is affected by actions of rms and individuals. This recognition deeply affects the understanding of wisdom inherited from the past, such as the fundamentalwelfare theorem and some of the basic characterization of a market economy, and provides explanations of economic and social phenomena that otherwise would be hard to understand. I