Acute-phase response protein serum amyloid A stimulates renal tubule formation: studies in vitro and in vivo

amyloid A protein (SAA) surges 1,000-fold in the blood of acute-phase animals, and yet its function during these acute events remains unknown. We report herein that SAA stimulates a developmental program in cultured NRK-52E cells that culminates in differentiated and functional tubules that feature a proximal tubule phenotype. We also found strong SAA expression in states of tubule formation (in utero stage) and regeneration (recovery from ischemia-reperfusion injury). These data lend support to a novel view of a more localized renal acute-phase reaction, where renal SAA may act as a paracrine or autocrine molecule that promotes tubule formation during develop-ment and repair. tubulogenesis; acute kidney injury; kidney development THE ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE IS a systemic reaction to inflamma-tion from infection, physical trauma, or chemical injury, and is characterized by changes in the plasma levels of certain pro