What Drives the Formation of Technological Cooperation Between University and Industry in Less- Developed Innovation Systems? Evidence From Brazil*

AbstrAct Interorganisational patterns of collaboration have long been recognised in the literature for their potential to promote learning and innovative capabilities, in particular those encom-passing university and industry interactions. Yet they are scarcely found in underdeveloped Innovation Systems such as the Brazilian one and little is known about why or how they are established. Drawing upon a comparative case study, this paper investigates in which context technological cooperation between university and industry emerges in Brazil. The findings indicate that the formation of technological cooperation is a co-evolutionary process, which emergences from the practice of knowledge sharing with external partners, as well from the connecting effort of ‘linked scientists’