AZ: Cellular types, survival, race, nativity, occupations, habits and associated diseases in the pathogenesis of lip cancers

sociated diseases in the pathogenesis of lip cancers. Amer. J. Epid., 1970, 97: 486— 499.—This study investigates the hypothesis that epidermal cancers of the skin are associated with mucous membrane cancers of the lips. It also characterizes 314 males with lip cancers on age, race, residence, birthplace, occupations, survivor-ship, the use of tobacco and alcohol, and cellular types of lip cancers. To achieve these objectives, cases are compared with two control groups: one group with mucous membrane cancers of the mouth and pharynx and the other with none of these cancers. Rates of incidence and prevalence are also computed by employ-ing as denominators veterans living in 1960. Cases and controls compose a 2 0 % sample of discharges in a five-year period from the nation-wide complex of over 160 veterans ' hospitals in the United States. The study finds that: 1) Lip cancers are significantly excessive among native residents of the South and emigrant residents from the South to the Mountain States. 2) Lip cancers are associated with farming and other outdoor occupations. 3) Use of tobacco in pipes, cigars and cigarettes but not in pipes alone is significantly associated with lip cancers. 4) Basa