Characteristics; Testing

Suggesting that the underrepresentation of ethnic minorities\in technical 'and science-related careers and within academic programs leading to such careers has not resulted primarily from free e\xercise of choice on their part, but rather has resulted in some meaSure from barriers to minority group participation, the literature cas surveyed to examine factors suspected of inhibiting minority participation in science/mathematics at the pre-college level. Factors examined included: (1) those related to testing procedures (general testing, achievement, other factors such as socio-economiC status, performance patterns, and presence of bias); (2) those related to learner characteristics (cognitive style, locus of control, and attitude/motivation); (3) those related to classroom experience (differential exposure of science/mathematics instruction, de facto classroom segregation, classroom psychological environment