Bacterial enteric infections in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis 21 Suppl 1

We review the epidemiology and prevention of and future research priorities for bacterial enteric infections in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV-infected persons are more frequently infected with Salmonella, Campylobacter, Listeria, and (possibly) Shigella species than are individuals not infected with HIV. In addition, Salmonella and (possibly) Campylobacter infections are more likely to be severe, recurrent, or persistent and associated with extraintestinal disease when they occur in HIV-infected persons. Infections caused by Shigella and Vibrio species can also result in more serious disease in HIV-infected persons than in those not infected with HIV. Risk of these infections can be reduced with proper precautions, particularly those pertaining to food hygiene, animal contact, and travel. Individuals infected with HIV should be informed of their increased risk of acquiring these diseases and should be counseled on the recommended precautions. Several bacterial enteric infections occur with increased fre-quency in persons infected with HIV, and some are more likely to be severe, recurrent, persistent, or associated with extraintes-tinal disease (table 1). In this review, we compare the incidence of these diseases reported through national laboratory-based surveillance systems and population-based studies with similar data available for HIV-infected persons. We also discuss poten-tial sources of these infections, means of prevention, and priori-ties for future research