Instead of the immunoglobulin-type antigen receptors of jawed vertebrates, jawless fish have variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs), which consist of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) modules. Somatic diversification of the VLR gene is shown here to occur through a multistep assembly of LRR modules randomly selected from a large bank of flanking cassettes. The predicted concave surface of the VLR i
SummaryVariable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) are the adaptive immune receptors of jawless fish, which...
All extant vertebrates possess an adaptive immune system wherein diverse immune receptors are create...
Immunologists and evolutionary biologists have been debating the nature of the immune system of jawl...
Unlike jawed vertebrates that use T cell and B cell receptors for antigen recognition, jawless verte...
Adaptive immunity in jawless fishes is based on antigen recognition by three types of variable lymph...
Significance Jawless vertebrates, lampreys and hagfish, use three types of va...
Lampreys and hagfish are primitive jawless vertebrates capable of mounting specific immune responses...
Variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) are antigen receptors in the jawless vertebrates lamprey and ha...
Jawless vertebrates are pivotal representatives for studies of the evolution of adaptive immunity du...
Although jawless vertebrates are apparently capable of adaptive immune responses, they have not been...
The alternative adaptive immune system of jawless vertebrates is based on different isotypes of vari...
Jawless vertebrates use variable lymphocyte receptors (VLR) comprised of leucine-rich-repeat (LRR) s...
Jawless vertebrates represented by lampreys and hagfish use variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) as ...
Jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) and jawless vertebrates (cyclostomes) have different adaptive immun...
Jawless vertebrates represented by lampreys and hagfish use variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) as ...
SummaryVariable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) are the adaptive immune receptors of jawless fish, which...
All extant vertebrates possess an adaptive immune system wherein diverse immune receptors are create...
Immunologists and evolutionary biologists have been debating the nature of the immune system of jawl...
Unlike jawed vertebrates that use T cell and B cell receptors for antigen recognition, jawless verte...
Adaptive immunity in jawless fishes is based on antigen recognition by three types of variable lymph...
Significance Jawless vertebrates, lampreys and hagfish, use three types of va...
Lampreys and hagfish are primitive jawless vertebrates capable of mounting specific immune responses...
Variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) are antigen receptors in the jawless vertebrates lamprey and ha...
Jawless vertebrates are pivotal representatives for studies of the evolution of adaptive immunity du...
Although jawless vertebrates are apparently capable of adaptive immune responses, they have not been...
The alternative adaptive immune system of jawless vertebrates is based on different isotypes of vari...
Jawless vertebrates use variable lymphocyte receptors (VLR) comprised of leucine-rich-repeat (LRR) s...
Jawless vertebrates represented by lampreys and hagfish use variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) as ...
Jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) and jawless vertebrates (cyclostomes) have different adaptive immun...
Jawless vertebrates represented by lampreys and hagfish use variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) as ...
SummaryVariable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) are the adaptive immune receptors of jawless fish, which...
All extant vertebrates possess an adaptive immune system wherein diverse immune receptors are create...
Immunologists and evolutionary biologists have been debating the nature of the immune system of jawl...