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rd ü2005; Kriegstein et al., 2006). In direct neurogenesis, an RGC located at the apical surface of the ventricular zone (VZ) divides asymmetrically to produce a new RGC and a neuron. Neurons IPs and late progenitors (LPs), cells that are predominantly involved in the generation of neurons with upper layer identities. As a part of the mechanism involved, we show that during thegenerated during early neurogenesis (E10.5–E14.5 in mouse) are located predominantly in the lower or deep cortical layers (LL, L6, L5). In indirect neurogenesis, the RGC also self-renews, period of early neurogenesis, by competing with BAF155 subunit in mSWI/SNF, BAF170 controls euchromatin structure, and re-presses Pax6 target genes by directly recruiting the RESTpetes with BAF155 subunit in the BAF complex, affecting euchromatin structure and thereby modu-lating the binding efficiency of the Pax6/REST-core-pressor complex to Pax6 target genes that regulate the generation of IPs and late cortical progenitors. Our findings reveal amolecularmechanismmediated by the mSWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex that controls cortical architecture